bytecode

bytecode is a Python module to generate and modify bytecode.

• bytecode project homepage at GitHub (code, bugs)

• bytecode documentation (this documentation)

• Download latest bytecode release at the Python Cheeseshop (PyPI)

Table Of Contents

• Bytecode Usage
  • Installation
  • Hello World
    • Abstract bytecode
    • Concrete bytecode
    • Setting the compiler flags
  • Simple loop
  • Conditional jump
• Control Flow Graph (CFG)
  • Example
  • Analyze the control flow graph
    • Iterate on basic blocks
    • Browse the graph
• Bytecode API
  • Constants
    • __version__
    • UNSET
  • Functions
    • format_bytecode()
    • dump_bytecode()
  • Instruction classes
    • Instr
    • ConcreteInstr
    • Compare
    • Binary operation
    • Intrinsic operations
    • CellVar and FreeVar
    • Label
    • SetLineno
    • InstrLocation
    • TryBegin
    • TryEnd
  • Bytecode classes
    • BaseBytecode
    • Bytecode
    • ConcreteBytecode
    • BasicBlock
    • ControlFlowGraph
  • Line Numbers
  • Compiler Flags
    • CompilerFlags
    • infer_flags()
• Comparison with byteplay and codetransformer
  • History of the bytecode API design
  • byteplay and codetransformer
    • Free and cell variables
    • Line numbers
    • Jump targets
    • Control flow graph
    • Functions or methods
• ChangeLog
  • 2024-05-28: Version 0.15.2
  • 2023-10-13: Version 0.15.1
  • 2023-09-01: Version 0.15.0
  • 2023-05-24: Version 0.14.2
  • 2023-04-04: Version 0.14.1
  • 2022-11-30: Version 0.14.0
  • 2021-10-04: Version 0.13.0
  • 2021-02-02: Version 0.12.0
  • 2020-03-02: Version 0.11.0
  • 2020-02-02: Version 0.10.0
  • 2019-12-01: Version 0.9.0
  • 2019-02-18: Version 0.8.0
  • 2018-04-15: Version 0.7.0
  • 2018-03-24: Version 0.6
  • 2017-01-05: Version 0.5
  • 2016-04-12: Version 0.4
  • 2016-03-02: Version 0.3
  • 2016-02-29: Version 0.2
  • 2016-02-26: Version 0.1
  • 2016-02-23: Release 0.0
• TODO list

See also

• codetransformer

• byteplay

• byteasm: an “assembler” for Python 3 bytecodes.

• BytecodeAssembler

• PEP 511 – API for code transformers